QEMU启动x86-Linux内核

脚本使用方式

环境部署

第一次使用该脚本需要先搭建环境，执行命令如下：

1

qemu-x86-linux.sh default

运行方式

在环境完备的情况下，可以使用两种启动方式启动，一种是通过图形化界面启动，还有一种是通过控制台启动，命令分别如下：

1
2
3

qemu-x86-linux.sh run graphic
和
qemu-x86-linux.sh run nographic

输出运行命令

如果想输出启动方式，需要执行的命令如下：

1
2
3

qemu-x86-linux.sh run_way graphic
和
qemu-x86-linux.sh run_way nographic

脚本内容

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linux="linux-5.19";
busybox="busybox-1.35.0";
file_linux="${linux}.tar.gz";
file_busybox="${busybox}.tar.bz2";
busybox_config="busybox-1.35.0/.config";
work_dir_name="qemu-x86-linux";
work_dir="${HOME}/${work_dir_name}";
mkdir -p ${work_dir};
qemu_arch="qemu-system-x86_64"
cd ${work_dir};

tools-install()
{
	package_array=(flex bison libncurses5-dev libelf-dev libssl-dev qemu-system-x86)
	package_array_size=${#package_array[@]}
	for ((i = 0; i < package_array_size; i++))
	do
		# 软件安装
		if [ ! "$(apt list --installed | grep -wo "${package_array[${i}]}" | head -n 1)" = "${package_array[${i}]}" ]; then
			echo -e "\e[34m"
			sudo apt-get install ${package_array[${i}]} -y
			echo -e "\e[0m"
			if [ ! "$(apt list --installed | grep -wo "${package_array[${i}]}" | head -n 1)" = "${package_array[${i}]}" ]; then
				echo -e "\e[31m${package_array[${i}]} 未安装\e[0m"
			else
				echo -e "\e[32m${package_array[${i}]} 已安装\e[0m"
			fi		  
		else
			echo -e "\e[32m${package_array[${i}]} 已安装\e[0m"
		fi
	done	
}

if [ "$1" = "run" ] &&  [ "$2" = "graphic" ]; then		
	$qemu_arch -kernel $work_dir/$linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd $work_dir/$busybox/initramfs.cpio.gz -append "init=/init"
elif [ "$1" = "run" ] &&  [ "$2" = "nographic" ]; then	
    $qemu_arch -kernel $work_dir/$linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd $work_dir/$busybox/initramfs.cpio.gz -nographic -append "init=/init console=ttyS0"
elif [ "$1" = "help" ]; then
	echo "$0 graphic"
	echo "$0 nographic"
elif [ "$1" = "run_way" ] && [ "$2" = "graphic" ]; then
	echo "$qemu_arch -kernel $work_dir/$linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd $work_dir/$busybox/initramfs.cpio.gz -append \"init=/init\""
elif [ "$1" = "run_way" ] && [ "$2" = "nographic" ]; then
	echo "$qemu_arch -kernel $work_dir/$linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd $work_dir/$busybox/initramfs.cpio.gz -nographic -append \"init=/init console=ttyS0\""
elif [ "$1" = "default" ]; then
	tools-install

	# 判断linux内核是否准备好	
	while true;
	do
		if [ ! -f "${work_dir}/$file_linux" ]; then		  
			echo -e "\e[32m"
			wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/linux-kernel/v5.x/$file_linux
			echo -e  "\e[0m"
		else
			echo -e "\e[32m${file_linux} 已下载\e[0m"
			break;
		fi		
	done

	# 判断busybox文件是否准备好
	while true;
	do
		if [ ! -f "${work_dir}/$file_busybox" ]; then
			echo -e  "\e[33m"
			# wget --no-check-certificate https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.32.0.tar.bz2
			wget --no-check-certificate https://busybox.net/downloads/${file_busybox}
			echo -e  "\e[0m"
		else
			echo -e "\e[32m$file_busybox 已下载\e[0m"
			break;
		fi	  	  
	done	

	# 判断linux内核是否解压
	echo -e  "\e[32m"
	# kernel
	if [ -d "${work_dir}/$linux" ]; then
		echo "$linux exists."
	else
		tar xf ${work_dir}/$file_linux -C ${work_dir};
	fi
	echo -e  "\e[0m"

	# 判断busybox文件是否解压
	echo -e  "\e[33m"
	if [ -d "${work_dir}/$busybox" ]; then
		echo "$busybox exists."
	else
		tar xf ${work_dir}/$file_busybox -C ${work_dir};
	fi
	echo -e  "\e[0m"	

	# 编译linux内核
	echo -e  "\e[32m"
	cd  ${work_dir}/${linux};
	make defconfig				# 在x86_64架构上默认编译x86_64_defconfig
	make -j$(nproc)
	echo -e  "\e[0m"

	# 编译busybox，编译之后把"${busybox}/_install/*"拷贝到rootfs目录下
	cd  ${work_dir}/${busybox};
	if [ ! -f "${work_dir}/${busybox}/_install/bin/busybox" ]; then
		echo "# 修改配置，选中如下项目，静态编译"
		echo -e "\e[31m# Settings ?C> Build Options ?C> [*] Build static binary（no share libs）\e[0m"
		echo "# 反选如下项目，否则后续qemu执行会提示 /bin/sh:can't access tty;job control turned off"
		echo -e "\e[31m# Shells  --->  [ ]   Job control\e[0m"
		read -p "仅第一次编译运行时需要进行该操作，回车后要返回该界面可以执行快捷键Ctrl+z，回到menuconfig界面则执行fg，配置完毕后退出并确认保存即可，回车继续" continue;
		make menuconfig	
	fi	
	make -j$(nproc)
	make install
	
	# 制作initramfs
	cd  ${work_dir}/${busybox}/_install/	
	mkdir -p proc sys dev tmp
	touch init
	chmod +x init
	cat > init << \EOF
#!/bin/sh

# 挂载一些必要的文件系统
mount -t proc none /proc
mount -t sysfs none /sys
mount -t tmpfs none /tmp
mount -t devtmpfs none /dev

echo
echo "Hello Linux"

# 显示开机消耗时间

echo "This boot took $(cut -d' ' -f1 /proc/uptime) seconds"
echo

# 停留在控制台
exec /bin/sh
EOF

	if [ -f "initramfs.cpio.gz" ]; then
		echo "initramfs.cpio.gz exists"
	else
		find . -print0 | cpio --null -ov --format=newc | gzip -9 > ../initramfs.cpio.gz
	fi
	
	# QEMU运行虚拟机，通过sd卡加载linux内核	
	$qemu_arch -kernel $work_dir/$linux/arch/x86/boot/bzImage -initrd $work_dir/$busybox/initramfs.cpio.gz -nographic -device edu -append "init=/init console=ttyS0"	
elif [ "$1" = "install" ]; then
	tools-install
fi
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